Articles

Altered tryptophan and alanine transport in fibroblasts from boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): an in vitro study

The catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems are implicated in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The amino acid tyrosine is the precursor for synthesis ...

Authors: Jessica Johansson, Magnus Landgren, Elisabeth Fernell, Ravi Vumma, Arne Åhlin, Lars Bjerkenstedt and Nikolaos Venizelos

Deep resequencing of the voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNE3 gene in chronic tinnitus

Membrane-stabilizing drugs have long been used for the treatment of chronic tinnitus, suggesting an underlying disturbance of sensory excitability due to changes in ion conductance. The present study addresses...

Authors: Philipp G Sand, Berthold Langguth and Tobias Kleinjung

Increased performance uncertainty in children with ADHD? - Elevated post-imperative negative variation (PINV) over the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

We aimed to investigate the influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on response evaluation, as reflected by the postimperative negative variation (PINV), a slow event-related potential.

Authors: Janina Werner, Matthias Weisbrod, Franz Resch, Veit Roessner and Stephan Bender

Functional neural correlates of reduced physiological falls risk

It is currently unclear whether the function of brain regions associated with executive cognitive processing are independently associated with reduced physiological falls risk. If these are related, it would s...

Authors: Lindsay S Nagamatsu, Chun Liang Hsu, Todd C Handy and Teresa Liu-Ambrose

Erratum to The presentation order of cue and target matters in deception study

Authors: Guangheng Dong, Yanbo Hu and Haiyan Wu

Possible association between Interleukin-1beta gene and schizophrenia in a Japanese population

Several lines of evidence have implicated the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in the etiology of schizophrenia. Although a number of genetic association studies have been reported, very few...

Authors: Daimei Sasayama, Hiroaki Hori, Toshiya Teraishi, Kotaro Hattori, Miho Ota, Yoshimi Iijima, Masahiko Tatsumi, Teruhiko Higuchi, Naoji Amano and Hiroshi Kunugi

Dorsal stream involvement in recognition of objects with transient onset but not with ramped onset

Although the ventral visual stream is understood to be responsible for object recognition, it has been proposed that the dorsal stream may contribute to object recognition by rapidly activating parietal attent...

Authors: Robin Laycock, Alana J Cross, Tomas Lourenco and Sheila G Crewther

Factor analysis of attentional set-shifting performance in young and aged mice

Executive dysfunction may play a major role in cognitive decline with aging because frontal lobe structures are particularly vulnerable to advancing age. Lesion studies in rats and mice have suggested that int...

Authors: Shoji Tanaka, Jared W Young, Jodi E Gresack, Mark A Geyer and Victoria B Risbrough

Neurological abnormalities and neurocognitive functions in healthy elder people: A structural equation modeling analysis

Neurological abnormalities have been reported in normal aging population. However, most of them were limited to extrapyramidal signs and soft signs such as motor coordination and sensory integration have recei...

Authors: Raymond CK Chan, Ting Xu, Hui-jie Li, Qing Zhao, Han-hui Liu, Yi Wang, Chao Yan, Xiao-yan Cao, Yu-na Wang, Yan-fang Shi and Paola Dazzan

Prestimulus vigilance predicts response speed in an easy visual discrimination task

Healthy adults show considerable within-subject variation of reaction time (RT) when performing cognitive tests. So far, the neurophysiological correlates of these inconsistencies have not yet been investigate...

Authors: Juliane Minkwitz, Maja U Trenner, Christian Sander, Sebastian Olbrich, Abigail J Sheldrick, Peter Schönknecht, Ulrich Hegerl and Hubertus Himmerich

Automatic Classification of Artifactual ICA-Components for Artifact Removal in EEG Signals

Artifacts contained in EEG recordings hamper both, the visual interpretation by experts as well as the algorithmic processing and analysis (e.g. for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) or for Mental State Monitori...

Authors: Irene Winkler, Stefan Haufe and Michael Tangermann

Cocaine locomotor activation, sensitization and place preference in six inbred strains of mice

The expanding set of genomics tools available for inbred mouse strains has renewed interest in phenotyping larger sets of strains. The present study aims to explore phenotypic variability among six commonly-us...

Authors: Amy F Eisener-Dorman, Laura Grabowski-Boase and Lisa M Tarantino

Long term functioning in early onset psychosis: Two years prospective follow-up study

There were few studies on the outcome of schizophrenia in developing countries. Whether the outcome is similar to or different from developed world is still a point for research. The main aim of the current st...

Authors: Ghada AM Hassan and Ghada RA Taha

Attention Network Test in adults with ADHD - the impact of affective fluctuations

The Attention Network Test (ANT) generates measures of different aspects of attention/executive function. In the present study we investigated whether adults with ADHD performed different from controls on meas...

Authors: Astri J Lundervold, Steinunn Adolfsdottir, Helene Halleland, Anne Halmøy, Kerstin Plessen and Jan Haavik

Cognitive-electrophysiological indices of attentional and inhibitory processing in adults with ADHD: familial effects

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that starts in childhood and frequently persists in adults. In a comparison of adults with ADHD and a matched control sam...

Authors: Gráinne McLoughlin, Philip Asherson, Bjoern Albrecht, Tobias Banaschewski, Aribert Rothenberger, Daniel Brandeis and Jonna Kuntsi

Representation of Multiplication Facts-Evidence for partial verbal coding

The current view in numerical cognition research is that multiplication facts are stored and retrieved in a phonological code. Consistent with this view, it was found that multiplication could be impaired by a...

Authors: Korbinian Moeller, Elise Klein, Martin H Fischer, Hans-Christoph Nuerk and Klaus Willmes

Alertness can be improved by an interaction between orienting attention and alerting attention in schizophrenia

Attention is impaired in schizophrenia. Early attention components include orienting and alerting, as well as executive control networks. Previous studies have shown mainly executive control deficits, while fe...

Authors: Isabelle Amado, Juan Lupiañez, Marion Chirio, Steffen Landgraf, Dominique Willard, JP Jean-Pierre Olié and Marie Odile Krebs

Modulation of cortisol responses to the DEX/CRH test by polymorphisms of the interleukin-1beta gene in healthy adults

Recently, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function assessed with the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) test has been shown to be associated with response to antidepre...

Authors: Daimei Sasayama, Hiroaki Hori, Yoshimi Iijima, Toshiya Teraishi, Kotaro Hattori, Miho Ota, Takashi Fujii, Teruhiko Higuchi, Naoji Amano and Hiroshi Kunugi

Risk and protective genetic variants in suicidal behaviour: association with SLC1A2, SLC1A3, 5-HTR1B & NTRK2 polymorphisms

Suicidal behaviour is known to aggregate in families. Patients with psychiatric disorders are at higher risk for suicide attempts (SA), however protective and risk genetic variants for suicide appear to be ind...

Authors: Therese M. Murphy, Maria Ryan, Tom Foster, Chris Kelly, Roy McClelland, John O'Grady, Eleanor Corcoran, John Brady, Michael Reilly, Anne Jeffers, Katherine Brown, Anne Maher, Noreen Bannan, Alison Casement, Dermot Lynch, Sharon Bolger…

High fat diet intake during pre and periadolescence impairs learning of a conditioned place preference in adulthood

Brain regions that mediate learning of a conditioned place preference (CPP) undergo significant development in pre and periadolescence. Consuming a high fat (HF) diet during this developmental period and into ...

Authors: Gregory J. Privitera, Arturo R. Zavala, Federico Sanabria and Kristin L. Sotak

Low visual information-processing speed and attention are predictors of fatigue in elementary and junior high school students

Fatigue is a common complaint among elementary and junior high school students, and is known to be associated with reduced academic performance. Recently, we demonstrated that fatigue was correlated with decre...

Authors: Kei Mizuno, Masaaki Tanaka, Sanae Fukuda, Emi Yamano, Yoshihito Shigihara, Kyoko Imai-Matsumura and Yasuyoshi Watanabe

FXTAS is rare among Portuguese patients with movement disorders: FMR1 premutations may be associated with a wider spectrum of phenotypes

The fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansions of 55-200 CGG repeats in the 5'UTR of the FMR1 gene. These FMR1 premutation expansions have ...

Authors: Ana I. Seixas, José Vale, Paula Jorge, Isabel Marques, Rosário Santos, Isabel Alonso, Ana M. Fortuna, Jorge Pinto-Basto, Paula Coutinho, Russell L. Margolis, Jorge Sequeiros and Isabel Silveira

Postnatal exposure to PCB 153 and PCB 180, but not to PCB 52, produces changes in activity level and stimulus control in outbred male Wistar Kyoto rats

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of organic compounds that bioaccumulate due to their chemical stability and lipophilic properties. Humans are prenatally exposed via trans-placental transfer, throu...

Authors: Espen Borgå Johansen, Monica Knoff, Frode Fonnum, Per Leines Lausund, S Ivar Walaas, Grete Wøien and Terje Sagvolden

Mental fatigue caused by prolonged cognitive load associated with sympathetic hyperactivity

It is known that chronic fatigue is associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. However, the relationship between autonomic function and mental fatigue caused by a prolonged mental load in healthy humans is sti...

Authors: Kei Mizuno, Masaaki Tanaka, Kouzi Yamaguti, Osami Kajimoto, Hirohiko Kuratsune and Yasuyoshi Watanabe

Association of the rs3743205 variant of DYX1C1 with dyslexia in Chinese children

Dyslexia is a learning disability that is characterized by difficulties in the acquisition of reading and spelling skills independent of intelligence, motivation or schooling. Studies of western populations ha...

Authors: Cadmon K P Lim, Connie S H Ho, Crystal H N Chou and Mary M Y Waye

Neuro-cognitive foundations of word stress processing - evidence from fMRI

To date, the neural correlates of phonological word stress processing are largely unknown.

Authors: Elise Klein, Ulrike Domahs, Marion Grande and Frank Domahs

Evidence for association between Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene polymorphisms and autism in Chinese Han population: a family-based association study

Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene is one of the most promising candidate genes for major mental disorders. In a previous study, a Finnish group demonstrated that DISC1 polymorphisms were associated with a...

Authors: Fanfan Zheng, Lifang Wang, Meixiang Jia, Weihua Yue, Yan Ruan, Tianlan Lu, Jing Liu, Jun Li and Dai Zhang

A sex-specific association of common variants of neuroligin genes (NLGN3 and NLGN4X) with autism spectrum disorders in a Chinese Han cohort

Synaptic genes, NLGN3 and NLGN4X, two homologous members of the neuroligin family, have been supposed as predisposition loci for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and defects of these two genes have been identifi...

Authors: Jindan Yu, Xue He, Dan Yao, Zhongyue Li, Hui Li and Zhengyan Zhao

The 1287 G/A polymorphism of the Norepinephrine Transporter gene (NET) is involved in Commission Errors in Korean children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Previous evidence supports the role of noradrenergic systems in ADHD, and norepinephrine transporter (NET) is critical in regulating the noradrenergic system. The present study aimed to investigate the associa...

Authors: Dong-Ho Song, Kyungun Jhung, Jungeun Song and Keun-Ah Cheon

Effects of early life trauma are dependent on genetic predisposition: a rat study

Trauma experienced early in life increases the risk of developing a number of psychological and/or behavioural disorders. It is unclear, however, how genetic predisposition to a behavioural disorder, such as a...

Authors: Toni-Lee Sterley, Fleur M Howells and Vivienne A Russell

Pediatric functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging: tactics for encouraging task compliance

Neuroimaging technology has afforded advances in our understanding of normal and pathological brain function and development in children and adolescents. However, noncompliance involving the inability to remai...

Authors: Michael W Schlund, Michael F Cataldo, Greg J Siegle, Cecile D Ladouceur, Jennifer S Silk, Erika E Forbes, Ashley McFarland, Satish Iyengar, Ronald E Dahl and Neal D Ryan

Update in the methodology of the chronic stress paradigm: internal control matters

To date, the reliability of induction of a depressive-like state using chronic stress models is confronted by many methodological limitations. We believe that the modifications to the stress paradigm in mice p...

Authors: Tatyana Strekalova, Yvonne Couch, Natalia Kholod, Marco Boyks, Dmitry Malin, Pierre Leprince and Harry MW Steinbusch

Facial and semantic emotional interference: A pilot study on the behavioral and cortical responses to the dual valence association task

Integration of compatible or incompatible emotional valence and semantic information is an essential aspect of complex social interactions. A modified version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) called Dual...

Authors: Agustín Ibáñez, Esteban Hurtado, Rodrigo Riveros, Hugo Urquina, Juan F Cardona, Agustín Petroni, Alejandro Lobos-Infante, Joaquin Barutta, Sandra Baez and Facundo Manes

A case-control association study of NRXN1 polymorphisms with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population

Recent research has implicated that mutations in the neurexin-1 (NRXN1) gene on chromosome 2p16.3 might play a role in schizophrenia, autism, and nicotine dependence. In order to explore the association of NRXN1 ...

Authors: Weihua Yue, Yongfeng Yang, Yanling Zhang, Tianlan Lu, Xiaofeng Hu, Lifang Wang, Yanyan Ruan, Luxian Lv and Dai Zhang

Impulsiveness, overactivity, and poorer sustained attention improve by chronic treatment with low doses of l-amphetamine in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is currently defined as a cognitive/behavioral developmental disorder where all clinical criteria are behavioral. Overactivity, impulsiveness, and inattentiveness are presently regarded as the main clinic...

Authors: Terje Sagvolden

In Memoriam Terje Sagvolden

Authors: Joseph Sergeant, Heidi Aase, Stephen V Faraone, Espen Johansen, Raj Kalaria, Anneke Meyer, Vivienne Russell, Adolfo Sadile, Edmund Sonuga-Barke and Rosemary Tannock

Relationship between cognitive function and prevalence of decrease in intrinsic academic motivation in adolescents

Decrease in intrinsic motivation is a common complaint among elementary and junior high school students, and is related to poor academic performance. Since grade-dependent development of cognitive functions al...

Authors: Kei Mizuno, Masaaki Tanaka, Sanae Fukuda, Kyoko Imai-Matsumura and Yasuyoshi Watanabe

Long-term effects of environmentally relevant doses of 2,2',4,4',5,5' hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153) on neurobehavioural development, health and spontaneous behaviour in maternally exposed mice

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread in the environment, human food and breast milk. Seafood is known to contain nutrients beneficial for the normal development and function of the brain, but also c...

Authors: Marte Haave, Annette Bernhard, Finn K Jellestad, Einar Heegaard, Trond Brattelid and Anne-Katrine Lundebye

Autoscopic phenomena: case report and review of literature

Autoscopic phenomena are psychic illusory visual experiences consisting of the perception of the image of one's own body or face within space, either from an internal point of view, as in a mirror or from an e...

Authors: Francesca Anzellotti, Valeria Onofrj, Valerio Maruotti, Leopoldo Ricciardi, Raffaella Franciotti, Laura Bonanni, Astrid Thomas and Marco Onofrj

Activity-dependent regulation of MHC class I expression in the developing primary visual cortex of the common marmoset monkey

Several recent studies have highlighted the important role of immunity-related molecules in synaptic plasticity processes in the developing and adult mammalian brains. It has been suggested that neuronal MHCI ...

Authors: Adema Ribic, Gabriele Flügge, Christina Schlumbohm, Kerstin Mätz-Rensing, Lutz Walter and Eberhard Fuchs

Relationship of tooth loss to mild memory impairment and cognitive impairment: findings from the fujiwara-kyo study

This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between the number of remaining teeth to mild memory impairment (MMI), which is a preclinical stage of dementia, and to cognitive impairment.

Authors: Nozomi Okamoto, Masayuki Morikawa, Kensuke Okamoto, Noboru Habu, Junko Iwamoto, Kimiko Tomioka, Keigo Saeki, Motokazu Yanagi, Nobuko Amano and Norio Kurumatani

Plasma neuropeptide Y: a biomarker for symptom severity in chronic fatigue syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a complex, multi-symptom illness with a multisystem pathogenesis involving alterations in the nervous, endocrine and immune systems.

Authors: Mary A Fletcher, Martin Rosenthal, Michael Antoni, Gail Ironson, Xiao R Zeng, Zachary Barnes, Jeanna M Harvey, Barry Hurwitz, Silvina Levis, Gordon Broderick and Nancy G Klimas

Common promoter variants of the NDUFV2 gene do not confer susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese

The NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase flavoprotein gene (NDUFV2), which encodes a 24 kD mitochondrial complex I subunit, has been reported to be positively associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in diffe...

Authors: Wen Zhang, Xiaogang Chen, Wei Gong, Jinsong Tang, Liwen Tan, Hao Guo and Yong-Gang Yao

Sex-related differences in motor learning and performance

Gender differences have been shown across many domains, and motor skills are no exception. One of the most robust findings is a significant sex difference in throwing accuracy, which reflects the advantage of ...

Authors: Pablo Moreno-Briseño, Rosalinda Díaz, Aurelio Campos-Romo and Juan Fernandez-Ruiz

Joining the dots: neurobiological links in a functional analysis of depression

Depression is one of the major contributors to the Total Disease Burden and afflicts about one-sixth of Western populations. One of the most effective treatments for depression focuses upon analysis of causal ...

Authors: Christopher F Sharpley and Vicki Bitsika

Reinforcing effects of methamphetamine in an animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

Substrains of the Spontaneously Hypertensive rat (SHR), a putative animal model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), have demonstrated increased sensitivity to many drugs of abuse, including psy...

Authors: Ike dela Peña, Hyung Seok Ahn, Ji Young Choi, Chan Young Shin, Jong Hoon Ryu and Jae Hoon Cheong

Neural networks engaged in tactile object manipulation: patterns of expression among healthy individuals

Somatosensory object discrimination has been shown to involve widespread cortical and subcortical structures in both cerebral hemispheres. In this study we aimed to identify the networks involved in tactile ob...

Authors: Georg Kägi, John H Missimer, Eugenio Abela, Rüdiger J Seitz and Bruno J Weder

Categorical and continuous - disentangling the neural correlates of the carry effect in multi-digit addition

Recently it was suggested that the carry effect observed in addition involves both categorical and continuous processing characteristics.

Authors: Elise Klein, Klaus Willmes, Katharina Dressel, Frank Domahs, Guilherme Wood, Hans-Christoph Nuerk and Korbinian Moeller

Role of the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus in rat whisker pad proprioception

Trigeminal proprioception related to rodent macrovibrissae movements is believed to involve skin receptors on the whisker pad because pad muscles operate without muscle spindles. This study was aimed to invest...

Authors: Ombretta Mameli, Stefania Stanzani, Gabriele Mulliri, Rosalia Pellitteri, Marcello A Caria, Antonella Russo and Pierluigi De Riu

Role of aspartyl-(asparaginyl)-β-hydroxylase mediated notch signaling in cerebellar development and function

Aspartyl-(Asparaginyl)-β-Hydroxylase (AAH) is a hydroxylating enzyme that promotes cell motility by enhancing Notch-Jagged-HES-1 signaling. Ethanol impaired cerebellar neuron migration during development is as...

Authors: Elizabeth Silbermann, Peter Moskal, Nathaniel Bowling, Ming Tong and Suzanne M de la Monte